Ensuring Inequality The Structural Transformation of the African American Family edition by Donna L Franklin William Julius Wilson Politics Social Sciences eBooks Kostenlose Bücher JIZ

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There is a crisis today in the American family, and this crisis has been particularly severe in the African American community. Black women are more likely than ever to bear children as teenagers, to remain single, and to raise their children in poverty. As a result, a staggering number of African-American children are growing up without fathers and living in destitution. In this insightful new book, Donna L. Franklin offers an in depth account of the history and development of the African American family, revealing why the marriage and family experiences of African-Americans differs from those of white America, and highlighting the cultural and governmental forces that have combined to create this divide and to push the black family to the edge of catastrophe.
In Ensuring Inequality, Franklin traces the evolution of the black family from slavery to the present, showing the cumulative effects of centuries of historical change. She begins with a richly researched account of the impact of slavery on the black family, finding that slavery not only caused extreme instability and suffering for families, but established a lasting pattern of poverty which made the economic advantages of marriage unattainable. She provides a sharp critique of the policies of the Freedmen's Bureau during Reconstruction, and demonstrates the mixed impact of the new pattern of sharecropping. On one hand, tenant farming allowed greater autonomy than the older gang labor system, and tended to consolidate two parent families; on the other hand, it reinforced male authority, and bound African Americans in debt peonage. The twentieth century brought a host of changes for black families, and Franklin incisively examines their effects. First, black women began to move to cities in search of jobs as domestic servants, while men stayed behind to work the fields, dividing the families. Then, two world wars sparked the great migration north, as African Americans pursued employment in booming factories. When the white soldiers returned home, however, many blacks found themselves out of work, shunted to the least desirable, lowest paying jobs. Roosevelt's New Deal offered limited help in the North, it tolerated the red lining of urban neighborhoods, making it difficult for blacks to obtain home mortgages; in the South, blacks found that, as agricultural laborers, they were exempted from most labor laws, while agricultural subsidies were administered in favor of white farmers. And the distinction made between programs paid for by beneficiaries (such as social security) and those based on need (such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children) stigmatized the poor. Most blacks found themselves living an ever more tenuous, socially isolated existence.
Franklin brings her comprehensive, nuanced study right up to the present, showing the impact on the urban poor of changes in the economy and society, from the dramatically shrinking pool of good jobs to the rise of the new right. "The increasing reliance on welfare by young black mothers," she writes, "corresponded to the erosion of opportunities for young black males." More important, she offers new approaches to solving the crisis. Not only does she recommend federal intervention to create new economic opportunity in urban ghettos, but she also stresses the importance of black self-help and proposes a plan of action. In addition, she outlines social interventions that can stabilize and strengthen poor, mother-only families living in ghetto neighborhoods. Exhaustively researched and insightfully written, Ensuring Inequality makes an important contribution to the central debate in American politics today.
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Ensuring Inequality The Structural Transformation of the African American Family edition by Donna L Franklin William Julius Wilson Politics Social Sciences eBooks Reviews :

There is a crisis today in the American family, and this crisis has been particularly severe in the African American community. Black women are more likely than ever to bear children as teenagers, to remain single, and to raise their children in poverty. As a result, a staggering number of African-American children are growing up without fathers and living in destitution. In this insightful new book, Donna L. Franklin offers an in depth account of the history and development of the African American family, revealing why the marriage and family experiences of African-Americans differs from those of white America, and highlighting the cultural and governmental forces that have combined to create this divide and to push the black family to the edge of catastrophe.
In Ensuring Inequality, Franklin traces the evolution of the black family from slavery to the present, showing the cumulative effects of centuries of historical change. She begins with a richly researched account of the impact of slavery on the black family, finding that slavery not only caused extreme instability and suffering for families, but established a lasting pattern of poverty which made the economic advantages of marriage unattainable. She provides a sharp critique of the policies of the Freedmen's Bureau during Reconstruction, and demonstrates the mixed impact of the new pattern of sharecropping. On one hand, tenant farming allowed greater autonomy than the older gang labor system, and tended to consolidate two parent families; on the other hand, it reinforced male authority, and bound African Americans in debt peonage. The twentieth century brought a host of changes for black families, and Franklin incisively examines their effects. First, black women began to move to cities in search of jobs as domestic servants, while men stayed behind to work the fields, dividing the families. Then, two world wars sparked the great migration north, as African Americans pursued employment in booming factories. When the white soldiers returned home, however, many blacks found themselves out of work, shunted to the least desirable, lowest paying jobs. Roosevelt's New Deal offered limited help in the North, it tolerated the red lining of urban neighborhoods, making it difficult for blacks to obtain home mortgages; in the South, blacks found that, as agricultural laborers, they were exempted from most labor laws, while agricultural subsidies were administered in favor of white farmers. And the distinction made between programs paid for by beneficiaries (such as social security) and those based on need (such as Aid to Families with Dependent Children) stigmatized the poor. Most blacks found themselves living an ever more tenuous, socially isolated existence.
Franklin brings her comprehensive, nuanced study right up to the present, showing the impact on the urban poor of changes in the economy and society, from the dramatically shrinking pool of good jobs to the rise of the new right. "The increasing reliance on welfare by young black mothers," she writes, "corresponded to the erosion of opportunities for young black males." More important, she offers new approaches to solving the crisis. Not only does she recommend federal intervention to create new economic opportunity in urban ghettos, but she also stresses the importance of black self-help and proposes a plan of action. In addition, she outlines social interventions that can stabilize and strengthen poor, mother-only families living in ghetto neighborhoods. Exhaustively researched and insightfully written, Ensuring Inequality makes an important contribution to the central debate in American politics today.

ebook,Donna L. Franklin, William Julius Wilson,Ensuring Inequality The Structural Transformation of the African American Family,Oxford University Press,Ethnic Studies - African American Studies,Public Policy - Social Policy,African American,African American families - History,African American families;History.,BLACK AMERICAN SOCIOLOGY,Ethnic Studies - African American Studies,Ethnic Studies - African American Studies - General,Family Relationships / General,Family relationships,Family / Parenting / Childbirth,Fatherless families - United States - History,Fatherless families;United States;History.,General,HISTORY / United States / 20th Century,History,History/United States - 20th Century,Non-Fiction,POLITICAL SCIENCE / Public Policy / Social Policy,Political Science/Public Policy - Social Policy,Poverty - United States,Public Policy - Social Policy,SINGLE ADULT FAMILY,SOCIAL SCIENCE / Ethnic Studies / African American Studies,SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / Marriage Family,Scholarly/Undergraduate,Single-parent families - United States - History,Single-parent families;United States;History.,Social Science,Social Science Ethnic Studies - African American Studies - General,Social Science Sociology - Marriage Family,Social Science/Ethnic Studies - American - African American Studies,Social Science/Sociology - Marriage Family,Sociology,Sociology - Marriage Family,Sociology | Race Ethnicity,UNIVERSITY PRESS,United States,Ethnic Studies - African American Studies - General,Family Relationships / General,General,HISTORY / United States / 20th Century,History/United States - 20th Century,Political Science / Public Policy / Social Policy,Political Science/Public Policy - Social Policy,SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / Marriage Family,Social Science / Ethnic Studies / African American Studies,Social Science Ethnic Studies - African American Studies - General,Social Science Sociology - Marriage Family,Social Science/Ethnic Studies - American - African American Studies,Social Science/Sociology - Marriage Family,Sociology - Marriage Family,Family / Parenting / Childbirth,Black American Sociology,Single Adult Family,Social Science,Sociology,Family relationships

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Product details File Size 5903 KB Print Length 274 pages Page Numbers Source ISBN 0199374872 Publisher Oxford University Press; Revised edition (September 11, 2015) Publication Date September 11, 2015 Sold by  Services LLC Language English ASIN B012J0QU3Y

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